Inclusión financiera en Ecuador: un enfoque post pandemia con econometría espacial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2024-1710Palabras clave:
inclusión financiera, econometria espacial, servicios bancarios, canales bancarios, factores microecon´ómicos, economía regional, postpandemia, EcuadorResumen
Introducción: Este estudio analiza la inclusión financiera en Ecuador en el periodo post-pandemia, evaluando el impacto de variables microeconómicas en el acceso a servicios financieros. Metodología: Se utilizó un enfoque de econometría espacial, analizando datos del Registro Estadístico de Empresas y la Superintendencia de Bancos de Ecuador. Se examinaron variables como el número de empresas y las remuneraciones en relación con el uso de servicios financieros. Resultados: Los resultados revelaron una relación positiva significativa entre la actividad empresarial y el acceso a servicios financieros, indicando que el aumento de empresas incrementa la demanda de servicios. Las remuneraciones también influyen positivamente, aunque de forma menos uniforme. Discusión: Estos hallazgos coinciden con investigaciones previas en otras regiones, destacando la importancia de factores socioeconómicos y geográficos en la inclusión financiera. La necesidad de políticas públicas adaptadas a las particularidades regionales es clave para promover una mayor inclusión. Conclusiones: El estudio concluye que políticas que fomenten el crecimiento empresarial y la equidad salarial son esenciales para mejorar la inclusión financiera en Ecuador. Además, se recomienda investigar más sobre la interacción de la inclusión financiera con otras variables socioeconómicas, y el impacto de las políticas públicas en los canales electrónicos de la banca y las Fintech.
Descargas
Citas
Al Ali, H. (2024). Effect of Macroeconomic indicators on Financial Inclusion: A Study of EAGLES Economies. Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies, 3(1), 89-103. https://doi.org/10.54878/n0vztn18 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54878/n0vztn18
Al Khub, A., Saeudy, M. y Gerged, A. M. (2024). Digital Financial Inclusion in Emerging Economies: Evidence from Jordan. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17020066 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17020066
Alabdulrazag, B. A. y Alshogeathri, M. A. (2024). A nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag approach to remittances and access to financial inclusion in Jordan. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 27(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v27i1.5133 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v27i1.5133
Alvarado, R., Peñarreta, M., Armas, R. y Alvarado, R. (2017). Access to financing and regional entrepreneurship in Ecuador: an approach using spatial methods. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 21(3), 1-9.
Álvarez-Gamboa, J., Cabrera-Barona, P. y Jácome-Estrella, H. (2021). Financial inclusion and multidimensional poverty in Ecuador: A spatial approach. World Development Perspectives, 22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2021.100311 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2021.100311
Batila Ngouala Kombo, P. G. (2021). Analysis of the Microeconomic Factors of the Financial Inclusion of the Population in the Republic of Congo. Theoretical Economics Letters, 11(01), 100-115. https://doi.org/10.4236/tel.2021.111008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/tel.2021.111008
Bozkurt, İ. y Karakus, R. (2020). Provincial Financial Inclusion in Turkey: Measurement and Its Spatial Determinants. Ege Akademik Bakis (Ege Academic Review), 20(2), 101-124. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.729532 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.729532
Bozkurt, I., Karakuş, R. y Yildiz, M. (2018). Spatial Determinants of Financial Inclusion over Time. Journal of International Development, 30(8), 1474-1504. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3376 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3376
Demirgüç-Kunt, A. y Klapper, L. (2013). Measuring financial inclusion: Explaining variation in use of financial services across and within countries. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, SPRING 2013, 279-321. https://doi.org/10.1353/eca.2013.0002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/eca.2013.0002
Elouaourti, Z. y Ibourk, A. (2024). Empowering African entrepreneurs: The crucial role of financial inclusion in mediating the relationship between contextual factors and entrepreneurial willingness. Emerging Markets Review, 59(February), 101118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2024.101118 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2024.101118
Erra, K. S. S. y Acharya, D. (2021). Financial inclusion across major Indian states: some spatial panel econometric evidence. International Journal of Social Economics, 48(3), 419-436. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-06-2020-0392 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-06-2020-0392
Gharbi, I. y Kammoun, A. (2023). Developing a Multidimensional Financial Inclusion Index: A Comparison Based on Income Groups. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 16(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16060296 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16060296
Jin, S., Gan, C. y Anh, D. L. T. (2024). Financial inclusion toward economic inclusion: empirical evidence from China’s rural household. Agricultural Finance Review, 84(1), 67-89. https://doi.org/10.1108/AFR-09-2023-0121 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/AFR-09-2023-0121
Kumar, S. S. y Jie, Q. (2023). Exploring the role of financial inclusion in poverty reduction: An empirical study. World Development Sustainability, 3(October), 100103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wds.2023.100103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wds.2023.100103
Nandru, P., Chendragiri, M. y Arulmurugan, V. (2024). Socioeconomic determinants of ownership of payment cards, mobile money account, and government remittances of digital financial services: evidence from India. Journal of Financial Economic Policy, 16(2), 247-271. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFEP-07-2023-0176 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JFEP-07-2023-0176
Neri-Suárez, M., Ramírez-Rosas, J. G., Morales-Illescas, M. E. y Machorro-Ramos, F. (2024). Financial inclusion in Puebla, Mexico: a socioeconomic and spatial econometric analysis. 91(232), 95-102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v91n232.111418
Orazi, S., Martinez, L. B. y Vigier, H. P. (2023). Determinants and evolution of financial inclusion in Latin America: A demand side analysis. Quantitative Finance and Economics, 7(2), 187-206. https://doi.org/10.3934/QFE.2023010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3934/QFE.2023010
Penarreta, M. (2017). Acceso al financiamiento y emprendimiento en la región 7 de Ecuador. Revista Publicando, 4(13), 62-73.
Ramada-Sarasola, M. (2012). Can Mobile Money Systems Have a Measurable Impact on Local Development? https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2061526 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2061526
Sawadogo, R. y Semedo, G. (2021). Financial inclusion, income inequality, and institutions in sub-Saharan Africa: Identifying cross-country inequality regimes. International Economics, 167, 15-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inteco.2021.05.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inteco.2021.05.002
Shen, Y., Agyekum, F., Reddy, K. y Wallace, D. (2024). The welfare impact of financial inclusion: a research agenda. Journal of Accounting Literature. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAL-10-2023-0190 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JAL-10-2023-0190
Sodipo, J. A., Ikue, N. J., Enegesi, L. B., Oraemesi, C. N., Yisa, D. N. y Ejinkonye, J. C. (2023). The Effect of Financial Inclusion on Poverty in Nigeria. DiamondBridge Economics and Business Journal, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.60089/dbebj.2023.3.3.12
Tinta, A. A., Ouédraogo, I. M. y Al-Hassan, R. M. (2022). The micro determinants of financial inclusion and financial resilience in Africa. African Development Review, mayo. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8268.12636 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8268.12636
Wang, X. y Guan, J. (2017). Financial inclusion: measurement, spatial effects and influencing factors. Applied Economics, 49(18), 1751-1762. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1226488 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1226488
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Miguel Peñarreta, Jorge Flores Chamba, Nelson Chavez Alvear
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Non Commercial, No Derivatives Attribution 4.0. International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.), that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
