Gemelos Digitales en la Industria 5.0 – una Revisión Sistemática de Literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2024-641Palabras clave:
Gemelos Digitales, Industria 5.0, Colaboración Humano-Robot, Seguridad de los Trabajadores, Eficiencia en la Fabricación, Inteligencia Artificial, Realidad Aumentada, Sistemas Centrados en el Ser HumanoResumen
Introducción: La Industria 5.0 integra tecnologías avanzadas con enfoques centrados en el ser humano para mejorar la seguridad en la fabricación, la colaboración humano-robot y la eficiencia. Los gemelos digitales, réplicas virtuales de sistemas físicos, son centrales en esta iniciativa para mejorar la seguridad laboral y la eficiencia operativa. Metodología: Esta SLR utilizó una estrategia de búsqueda exhaustiva en cinco bibliotecas digitales: IEEE Explore, Scopus, Taylor & Francis Online, ACM Digital Library y Web of Science. Resultados: Los hallazgos destacan las contribuciones de los gemelos digitales a la seguridad de los trabajadores mediante el monitoreo en tiempo real, la detección inteligente y la gestión proactiva de riesgos. La colaboración humano-robot se logra a través de la integración de datos en tiempo real. Los gemelos digitales también mejoran la eficiencia en la fabricación al permitir sistemas de producción más inteligentes y adaptativos. Discusión: A pesar de su potencial, se deben abordar desafíos como la calidad de los datos, la complejidad computacional, la ciberseguridad, los factores humanos y los impactos socioeconómicos. Conclusiones: Esta SLR subraya el papel de los gemelos digitales en el avance de la Industria 5.0, promoviendo entornos industriales más seguros, eficientes y centrados en el ser humano.
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