Análisis de la percepción del procesa-miento sensorial y su relación con la conducta adaptativa en adolescentes con Trastorno del Espectro Autista grado 1
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https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2024-731Palabras clave:
Trastorno del Espectro Autista, procesamiento sensorial, conducta adaptativa, hiporreactividad sensorial, autopercepción, trastorno del neurodesarrollo, comunicación e interacción socialResumen
Introducción: Investigaciones previas indican que un procesamiento sensorial atípico es común en personas con TEA y tiene un impacto significativo en sus habilidades de conducta adaptativa. Este estudio pretende describir la percepción de los jóvenes sobre su procesamiento sensorial y analizar cómo se relaciona con su conducta adaptativa. Metodología: La muestra incluyó ocho jóvenes de 12 a 14 años (cuatro con TEA grado 1 y cuatro con desarrollo típico). Se utilizaron los test AQA, ASSQ y ASSQ-GIRL para comparar los resultados de cribaje de autismo entre ambos grupos. El análisis se realizó con estadística no paramétrica utilizando el programa SPSS v22.0 y la técnica estadística U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Los adolescentes con TEA grado 1 perciben las sensaciones de manera atípica en comparación con el grupo control. Las diferencias se centraron en bajo registro, búsqueda sensorial, sensibilidad y evitación sensorial, siendo significativa la evitación y la búsqueda sensorial. Discusión: El estudio corrobora que los adolescentes con TEA presentan un procesamiento sensorial atípico que impacta su comportamiento adaptativo, mostrando mayor sensibilidad y conductas de evitación sensorial. Conclusiones: Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de este factor en la evaluación y tratamiento del TEA para mejorar su calidad de vida.
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