Estrategia de priorización de peligrosidad de productos químicos

Saúl Martínez Molina; Oscar Javier Suarez Medina

doi:10.31637/epsir-2025-1356

Authors

Saúl Martínez Molina University of the Llanos https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7855-4714
Oscar Javier Suarez Medina National University of Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-6527

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2025-1356

Keywords:

environmental health, environmental mobility, chemical management strategies, green chemistry, chemical use policies, globally harmonized system, occupational Health, prioritization index

Abstract

Introduction: The management of the safe use of chemical substances throughout their lifecycle is critical. Countries are strengthening their policies to improve chemical management. This study classifies and prioritizes industrial chemical substances (ICS) according to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS), environmental mobility, and occupational health, aligning with national policies and promoting green chemistry. Methodology: For prioritization, methods categorizing substances by consumption, environmental mobility, occupational risks, and GHS were applied. Internal and external consumption data were used with CIIU industrial classifications and tariff codes, respectively, to understand the different uses and exposure forms of each substance. Results: The mobility of chemical substances: 26% water, 24% soil, 11% animal biota, 9% air, 14% plant biota. Dodecylbenzene and vinyl chloride are notable for their hazards and volatility. Discussion: The high mobility of substances like dodecylbenzene, vinyl chloride, and perchloroethylene requires strict controls. The latter is used in dry cleaning, causing cancer and health issues, affecting workers and communities. Conclusions: The study on the environmental mobility of chemical substances in Colombia highlighted data and policy deficiencies, emphasizing the need for improvements and possible global applications for risk management.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Saúl Martínez Molina, University of the Llanos

Saúl Martínez is a professor and researcher at the Universidad de los Llanos, he has extensive experience in consulting on environmental projects, demonstrating a career defined by his dedication and innovative approach. With training in Chemical Engineering and Master in Environmental Engineering from the National University of Colombia - Bogotá Campus, PhD student in Environmental Studies at the same University. Excels in project management, Globally Harmonized System, and in compliance with international regulations and standards, such as ISO 9001 and ISO 14001. In addition, it has extensive experience in solid waste management, laboratory operation, process simulation. , databases and measurement of physicochemical properties.

Oscar Javier Suarez Medina, National University of Colombia

As a Chemical Engineer MSc. I have more than 30 years of experience in the environmental area, especially in relation to hydrocarbons, combustion, atmospheric emissions, bioremediation processes for soils contaminated with hydrocarbons, Hazardous Waste - RESPEL, climate change and environmental management systems. In the field of RESPEL, he participated in the development of research, training, implementation of laboratory techniques to characterize RESPEL, chemical substances, national environmental regulations and a lot of experience in project management and interdisciplinary groups. In the environmental area he has been a consultant to the United Nations, several ministries and Environmental Manager of the National University at the Bogotá headquarters. It developed my teaching capacity in the area of transport phenomena (heat, mass and momentum transfer), as well as in various environmental topics (atmospheric pollution, climate change and RESPEL), especially in the postgraduate degree in Chemical Engineering and Environmental of the National University of Colombia.

References

Allen, D. T. y Shonnard, D. R. (2002). Green Engineering Environmentally Conscious Design of Chemical Processes. Prentice Hall PTR.

Ceballos, D. M., Fellows, K. M., Evans, A. E., Janulewicz, P. A., Lee, E. G. y Whittaker, S. G. (2021). Perchloroethylene and Dry Cleaning: It’s Time to Move the Industry to Safer Alternatives. Frontiers in Public Health, 9(1-12). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.638082 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.638082

Chen, L., Zhou, S., Shi, Y., Wang, C., Li, B., Li, Y. y Wu, S. (2018). Heavy metals in food crops, soil, and water in the Lihe River Watershed of the Taihu Region and their potential health risks when ingested. Science of the Total Environment, 615, 141-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.230 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.230

Daina, A., Michielin, O. y Zoete, V. (2014). iLOGP: a simple, robust, and efficient description of n-octanol/water partition coefficient for drug design using the GB/SA approach. Journal of chemical information and modeling, 54(12), 3284-3301. https://doi.org/10.1021/ci500467k DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ci500467k

Decreto 1477 de 2014. In Ministerio de Trabajo. Ministerio de Trabajo- República de Colombia. https://bit.ly/4chik0E

Foladori, G., Bejarano, F. y Invernizzi, N. (2013). Nanotecnología: Gestión y reglamentación de riesgos para la salud y medio ambiente en América Latina y el Caribe. Trab. Educ. Saúde, 11(1), 145-167. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1981-77462013000100009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1981-77462013000100009

Guyton, K. Z., Hogan, K. A., Scott, C. S., Cooper, G. S., Bale, A. S., Kopylev, L., Barone, S., Makris, S. L., Glenn, B., Subramaniam, R. P., Gwinn, M. R., Dzubow, R. C. y Chiu, W. A. (2014). Human health effects of tetrachloroethylene: Key findings and scientific issues. Environmental Health Perspectives, 122(4), 325-334. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307359 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307359

Hohl, C. M., Karpov, A., Reddekopp, L., Doyle-Waters, M. y Stausberg, J. (2014). ICD-10 codes used to identify adverse drug events in administrative data: a systematic review. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association: JAMIA, 21(3), 547-557. https://doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2013-002116 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2013-002116

Lopez, A., Hoyos, M. C., Suarez, Oscar y Montes, C. (2012). Perfil Nacional de Sustancias Químicas en Colombia. (Vol. 1). Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible. https://bit.ly/3VIA0v5

Martínez, S. (2019). Ampliación de la metodología de sustancias químicas considerando variables de salud ocupacional y sistema globalmente armonizado [Tesis de grado]. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. https://bit.ly/3XJOxcm

Mbonu, C. C. y Ben, U. C. (2021). Assessment of radiation hazard indices due to natural radioactivity in soil samples from Orlu, Imo State, Nigeria. Heliyon, 7(8), e07812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07812 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07812

Murcia, J. E., Martinez, S., Martins, V., Herrera, D., Buitrago, C., Velasquez, A., Ruiz, F. y Torres, M. (2023). Risk assessment and green chemistry applied to waste generated in university laboratories. Heliyon, 9(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15900 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15900

Narváez Valderrama, J. A. y Palacio Baena, F. J. M. P. (2015). Persistence of pesticides in the environment and its ecotoxicity: A review of the processes of natural degradation (Persistencia de plaguicidas en el ambiente y su ecotoxicidad: Una revisión de los procesos de degradación natural). Gestión y Ambiente, 15(3), 27-37. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=169424893002

Neumann, V., Löseke, S., Nowak, D., Herth, F. J. F. y Tannapfel, A. (2013). Malignant pleural mesothelioma: incidence, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and occupational health. Deutsches Arzteblatt International, 110(18), 319-326. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2013.0319 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2013.0319

Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos. (2022). Echemportal. https://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/

Resolución 0312 de 2019. Por la cual se definen los estándares mínimos del Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (SG-SST). 6 de febrero de 2019. Ministerio del Trabajo.

Rodríguez-Villamizar, L. A., González, B. E., Vera, L. M., Patz, J. y Bautista, L. E. (2015). Environmental and occupational health research and training needs in Colombia: A Delphi study. Biomedica, 35(3), 58-65. https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v35i0.2430 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v35i0.2430

Silvestre, B. S., Gimenes, F. A. P. y Silva Neto, R. (2017). A sustainability paradox? Sustainable operations in the offshore oil and gas industry: The case of Petrobras. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 360-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.07.215 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.07.215

Stibany, F., Schmidt, S. N., Mayer, P. y Schäffer, A. (2020). Toxicity of dodecylbenzene to algae, crustacean, and fish – Passive dosing of highly hydrophobic liquids at the solubility limit. Chemosphere, 251, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126396 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126396

Suárez, O. J., Narváez, P. C., Martínez, M. y Martínez, S. (2017). Perfil Nacional de Sustancias Químicas en Colombia. Vol II: Actualización de los capítulos 2 y 3, con énfasis en sustancias de uso industrial. https://bit.ly/3L4g3tO

United Nations. (2017). Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals. En Environmental information science (7ª ed., Vol. 37, núm. 3). United Nations.

van Raamsdonk, L. W. D., van der Zande, M., Koelmans, A. A., Hoogenboom, R. L. A. P., Peters, R. J. B., Groot, M. J., Peijnenburg, A. A. C. M. y Weesepoel, Y. J. A. (2020). Current Insights into Monitoring, Bioaccumulation, and Potential Health Effects of Microplastics Present in the Food Chain. Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 9(1), 72. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9010072 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9010072

Xie, Y., Holmgren, S., Andrews, D. M. K. y Wolfe, M. S. (2017). Evaluando el impacto del programa nacional de toxicología de EE. UU.: Un estudio de caso sobre el cromo hexavalente. Environmental Health Perspectives, 125(2), 181-188. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP21 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP21

Zaccone, E. J., Goldsmith, W. T., Shimko, M. J., Wells, J. R., Schwegler-Berry, D., Willard, P. A., Case, S. L., Thompson, J. A. y Fedan, J. S. (2015). Diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione exposure of human cultured airway epithelial cells: Ion transport effects and metabolism of butter flavoring agents. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 289(3), 542-549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.10.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.10.004

Zimmermann, M. B. y Galetti, V. (2015). Iodine intake as a risk factor for thyroid cancer: A comprehensive review of animal and human studies. Thyroid Research, 8(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13044-015-0020-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13044-015-0020-8