Exploratory factor analysis of the self-regulation study of Ecuadorian school teachers

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2025-2082

Keywords:

Self-regulation, teacher, school, factor analysis

Abstract

Introduction: The main objective of the study was to assess the underlying dimensions of self-regulation among Ecuadorian teachers, given its relevance to improving professional performance and educational quality. Methodology: An exploratory factor analysis was conducted with a sample whose adequacy was confirmed (KMO = 0.977; Bartlett’s test of sphericity, p < 0.001). Principal components analysis with Oblimin rotation was used for factor extraction, complemented by Pearson correlations. Results: Significant correlations were found between “Goals” and “Task Strategies” (r = 0.833), as well as with “Study Environment” (r = 0.855). Additionally, “Time Management” correlated with “Help Seeking” (r = 0.800) and “Self-Evaluation” (r = 0.820), indicating key relationships within the self-regulation construct. Discussion: The analysis identified two main factors: planning and organization, and emotional management, suggesting a clear structure of teacher self-regulation. Conclusions: The results provide a solid empirical foundation for designing intervention and training programs aimed at strengthening these dimensions in Ecuadorian teachers, thereby contributing to their professional development and the quality of the educational process.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Dayron Rumbaut Rangel, Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador

Docente e investigador en la Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador, donde dirige la Maestría en Gestión de Sistemas y Tecnologías de la Información. Su labor académica se centra en ciencias de la computación, tecnologías para el aprendizaje e inteligencia artificial. Ha contribuido a diversas publicaciones científicas, explorando el impacto de la inteligencia artificial en la personalización educativa y el uso de herramientas digitales para mejorar el aprendizaje en entornos virtuales.

Vicenta Jubika Ripalda Asencio, Universidad Estatal de Milagro

Docente en la Universidad Estatal de Milagro y en la Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador. Su experiencia académica abarca áreas como la educación y la salud, participando en investigaciones sobre el estado nutricional de escolares y la actividad física en contextos educativos. Ha colaborado en estudios que evalúan la relación entre la actividad física y el índice de masa corporal en poblaciones específicas.

Egidio Yobanny Salgado Chévez, Universidad Estatal de Milagro

Licenciado en Física y Matemáticas, docente en la Universidad Estatal de Milagro y en la Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador. Su trabajo académico incluye investigaciones en matemáticas, física y psicología, con un enfoque en la evaluación educativa y el bienestar psicológico. Ha participado en estudios que analizan el nivel de ansiedad matemática en estudiantes y el bienestar psicológico de familias durante el confinamiento por COVID-19.

References

Barkela, V., Han, A. y Weber, A. M. (2024). Do student teachers experience self-worth threats in computational thinking? Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 15, 100463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2024.100463 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2024.100463

Barz, N., Benick, M., Dörrenbächer-Ulrich, L. y Perels, F. (2025). The evaluation of an educational game to promote pre-service teachers’ self-regulated learning. Entertainment Computing, 52, 100836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.entcom.2024.100836 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.entcom.2024.100836

Bastidas, C. B. (2019). Information systems and technologies. [Sistemas y tecnologías de información] RISTI - Revista Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao, 2019(E18), 9-10. www.scopus.com

Chen, J., Lin, C. y Lin, F. (2024). The interplay among EFL teachers’ emotional intelligence and self-efficacy and burnout. Acta Psychologica, 248, 104364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104364 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104364

Donald, T. y Petrus, G. (2024). Influencing beginner teachers’ autonomy: The impact of mentorship in fostering self-directed learning. International Journal of Educational Management, 38(5), 1265-1288. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-05-2023-0247 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-05-2023-0247

Dong, L. (2024). “Does my teacher believe I can improve?”: The role of EFL learners’ meta-lay theories in their growth mindset and online self-regulation. System, 122, 103269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103269 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103269

Katz, I. y Moè, A. (2024). Exploring teachers’ psychological needs, motivating styles, emotion regulation and self-compassion: A comparative study before and during the COVID-19 lockdown. Teaching and Teacher Education, 148, 104706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2024.104706 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2024.104706

Koslouski, J. B., Iovino, E. A. y Chafouleas, S. M. (2024). Feel Your Best Self: Insights from elementary teachers’ use in teaching emotion-focused coping strategies. Social and Emotional Learning: Research, Practice, and Policy, 3, 100037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sel.2024.100037 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sel.2024.100037

Li, J. y Yongqi Gu, P. (2024). Formative assessment for self-regulated learning: Evidence from a teacher continuing professional development programme. System, 125, 103414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103414 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103414

Ma, Y. y Liu, Z. (2024). Emotion regulation and well-being as factors contributing to lessening burnout among Chinese EFL teachers. Acta Psychologica, 245, 104219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104219 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104219

Mutlu, A. K. y Solhi, M. (2024). Unveiling the interplay between EFL teachers’ cognitive flexibility, emotion regulation, and foreign language teaching anxiety: A structural equation modeling approach. Learning and Motivation, 87, 102022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2024.102022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2024.102022

Pan, H.-L. W., Hung, J.-H. y Truong, T. M. T. (2024). Teacher clusters of emotions and self-efficacy in curriculum reform: Effects on collaboration and learner-centered teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 144, 104604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2024.104604 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2024.104604

Tarantul, A. y Berkovich, I. (2024). Teachers’ emotion regulation in coping with discipline issues: Differences and similarities between primary and secondary schools. Teaching and Teacher Education, 139, 104439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2023.104439 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2023.104439

Teng, L. S., Zhang, Y. y Sun, P. P. (2024). The dimensionality of L2 teacher self-regulation strategies and its interactions with teacher self-efficacy: Exploratory structural equation modeling. System, 121, 103271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103271 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103271

Wang, J., Zhou, H., Chen, S., Tong, H. y Yang, Y. (2024). How teachers support secondary school students to become self-regulated learners in technology-enhanced language learning. System, 123, 103313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103313 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103313

Xu, J., Zhang, S. y Chen, H. (2024). The impact of teacher autonomy support on students’ assessment literacy: The chain mediating effects of self-efficacy and critical reflection. Heliyon, 10(14), e34616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34616 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34616

Yao, N. y Wang, Q. (2024). Factors influencing pre-service special education teachers’ intention toward AI in education: Digital literacy, teacher self-efficacy, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness. Heliyon, 10(14), e34894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34894 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34894

Zachariou, A. y Bonneville-Roussy, A. (2024). The role of autonomy support from teachers in young learners’ self-regulation in dyadic contexts: An examination through three-level multilevel analysis. Learning and Instruction, 89, 101843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2023.101843 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2023.101843

Zhu, J., Yang, Y. y Yan, Z. (2024). Relationships between teacher feedback and English writing proficiency in Chinese students: The mediating effect of writing self-regulated learning strategies. System, 123, 103338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103338 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103338

Zielińska, A., Lebuda, I., Gop, A. y Karwowski, M. (2024). Teachers as creative agents: How self-beliefs and self-regulation drive teachers’ creative activity. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 77, 102267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2024.102267 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2024.102267

Published

2025-04-22

How to Cite

Rumbaut Rangel, D., Ripalda Asencio, V. J., & Salgado Chévez, E. Y. (2025). Exploratory factor analysis of the self-regulation study of Ecuadorian school teachers. European Public & Social Innovation Review, 10, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2025-2082

Issue

Section

Education