Los retos jurídicos del metaverso: aproximación a los riesgos y desafíos que plantea para la identidad digital

Francisco José Aranda Serna

doi:10.31637/epsir-2024-627

Authors

Francisco José Aranda Serna Saint Anthony Catholic University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-2773

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2024-627

Keywords:

Metaverse, Digital Identity, internet, Privacy, Law, Avatar, Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

Abstract

Introduction: The development of the metaverse is generating changes in society and posing challenges for the law. The main conflicts relate to artificial intelligence, the ownership of digital objects, the veracity of news and communications, and the protection of users' fundamental rights. Methodology: This article focuses on clarifying the conceptualisation of the metaverse and defining its key characteristics. It analyses the legal issues arising from its use, especially those related to digital identity. Results: The metaverse presents a legal uniqueness that implies urgent challenges for the law, including issues of digital property, veracity of information, and protection of fundamental rights. Discussion: The legal challenges focus on how the metaverse impacts the digital identity of users and the need to adapt legal regulations to guarantee the protection of rights in this new virtual environment. Conclusions: The article underlines that the metaverse raises significant legal implications that require an urgent response from the law to address the problems related to the use of this new virtual reality.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Francisco José Aranda Serna, Saint Anthony Catholic University

Associate Professor at the Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, where he teaches New Information and Communication Technologies Law, Philosophy of Law and Human Rights in the Faculty of Law. As a researcher he has participated in European research projects and has published several research articles related to New Technologies and Fundamental Rights. He is the author and co-editor of several books, book chapters, teaching manuals and other collective works related to Philosophy and History of Law.

References

Aced, C. (2009). Visibilidad: cómo gestionar la reputación en Internet. Gestión 2000.

Ball, M. (2022). The Metaverse: And How It Will Revolutionize Everything. Liveright Publishing Corporation.

Barrio Andrés, M. (2022). Metaverso: origen, concepto y aplicaciones. Derecho Digital e Innovación, 12, 1-12. https://acortar.link/OAf5ui

Barrio Andrés, M. (2023). El metaverso y su impacto en el Estado y la soberanía. Revista de Derecho Político, 117, 197-220. https://doi.org/10.5944/rdp.117.2023.37925 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5944/rdp.117.2023.37925

Brenner, S. W. (2008), Fantasy crime: The role of criminal law in virtual worlds. Vanderbilt journal of entertainment and technology law, 11(1), 1-97.

Bucaram-Caicedo, A. K., Cadena-Sayavedra, H. F., Paredes-Toapanta, G. E. y Badillo-Amaya, R. A. (2022). El derecho a la identidad y sus consecuencias en el metaverso. Iustitia Socialis. Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias Jurídicas, 2(1), 763-772. https://doi.org/10.35381/racji.v7i2.2165 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35381/racji.v7i2.2165

Caballero Martínez, J. (2021). Conceptualización y aproximación a las nuevas categorías jurídicas del panorama digital. En J. C. Henao y D. Castaño (Eds.). Disrupción tecnológica, transformación digital y sociedad (pp. 119-147). Universidad Externado de Colombia.

Calva González, J. J. (2013) El mito de la caverna como acercamiento a las necesidades de conocimiento e información. Investigación bibliotecológica, 27(60), 07-11. https://acortar.link/0N19Go

Carlson, J. (2020). Me, Myself and My Multiple Avatars. https://acortar.link/Ap3ESE

Cheong, B. C. (2022). Avatars in the metaverse: potential legal issues and remedies. International Cybersecurity Law Review, 3, 467-494. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1365/s43439-022-00056-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1365/s43439-022-00056-9

Diamandis, P. H. (2016). The 6 D’S. Diamandis Blog. https://acortar.link/UDnqLu

Dizaji, A. y Dizaji, A. (2023). Metaverse and its legal challenges. Synesis, 15(1), 138-151. https://doi.org/10.38044/2686-9136-2023-4-3-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18316/rcd.v15i36.10797

Ellis, G. F. R., Kirchner, U. y Stoeger, W.R. (2004). Multiverses and physical cosmology. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 347, 921-936. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07261.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07261.x

Fernandez, C. B. y Hui, P. (2022). Life, the metaverse and everything: An overview of privacy, ethics, and governance in metaverse. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCSW56584.2022.00058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCSW56584.2022.00058

Garon, J. M. (2022). Legal Implications of a Ubiquitous Metaverse and a Web3 Future. Marquette Law Review, 106(1). https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/mulr/vol106/iss1/5/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4002551

Gómez Pérez, M. (2021). Cautivos en la red. El impacto del metaverso en el derecho de acceso a la información y la protección de datos personales. Ius et Scientia, 7(2), 88-95. https://doi.org/10.12795/IETSCIENTIA.2021.i02.06 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12795/IETSCIENTIA.2021.i02.06

Guelmami, Z. y Nicolle, F. (2022). Reflections on Digital Identity in the Ontological Cyberspace. e-Society 2018: 16th International Conference on e-Society, International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS), 361–364. hhttps://acortar.link/0pbIBq

Levy, P. (1999). ¿Qué es lo virtual? Paidós.

López Casal, Y. (2023). El Metaverso. Revista Tribuna Libre, 13(1), 1-19. https://revista.uescuelalibre.cr/index.php/tribunalibre/article/view/47

Meyzan Briceño, M. A. (2022). Desafíos de la educación y el aprendizaje en el Metaverso. Desafíos: Revista Científica de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, 13(1), 7-8. https://doi.org/10.37711/desafios.2022.13.1.368 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37711/desafios.2022.13.1.368

Mitrushchenkova, A. N. (2022). Personal Identity in the Metaverse: Challenges and Risks. Kutafin Law Review, 9(4), 793-817. https://doi.org/10.17803/2313-5395.2022.4.22.793-817 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17803/2313-5395.2022.4.22.793-817

Nisa Ávila, J. A. (2021). El Metaverso: conceptualización jurídica, retos legales y deficiencias normativas. El Derecho.

Qin, H.X., Wang, Y. y Hui, P. (2022). Identity, Crimes, and Law Enforcement in the Metaverse. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2210.06134

Ríos Ruiz, A. A. (2023). Conceptualización jurídica y retos legales del metaverso a la luz del derecho comparado. Ius Comitiãlis, 6(12), 44-59. https://iuscomitialis.uaemex.mx/article/view/21860 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36677/iuscomitialis.v6i12.21860

Saldaña, E. (2022). Qué es el metaverso, sus características y porque es el siguiente paso en el Internet. https://acortar.link/Q3t2Er

Sanromán Aranda, R. (2022). Los actos jurídicos en el mundo metaverso. Rev. Quaestio Iuris, 16(1), 58-74. https://doi.org/10.12957/rqi.2023.68459 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12957/rqi.2023.68459

Serrano Acitores, A. (2023). El derecho en la frontera digital: el metaverso y los retos jurídicos que plantea. Revista Práctica de Derecho, 267, 5-34. https://doi.org/10.51302/ceflegal.2023.18623 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51302/ceflegal.2023.18623

Solano Maestre, J. A. (2022). El metaverso y la necesidad de una regulación para el desarrollo óptimo de un comercio basado en realidad virtual. https://acortar.link/IJ6iPk

Vicente del Olmo, L. I., Núñez, J. L., Kuchkovsky, C. y Matinero, J. (2022). Historia del metaverso. En L. I. Vicente del Olmo y J. L. Amat (Coords.), Aspectos jurídicos del metaverso (pp. 25-68). La Ley.

Wolfendale, J. (2007). My Avatar, myself: Virtual harm and attachment. Ethics and Information Technology, 9, 111-119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-006-9125-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-006-9125-z