Disminución de plomo de residuos anódicos MnO2 por descomposición térmica y lixiviación con acetato de amonio

Orfelinda Avalo Cortez; Miguel Jaime Martínez Coronel; David Pedro Martínez Aguilar; Edwilde Yoplac Castromonte; Julio Uza Teruya

doi:10.31637/epsir-2025-1900

Authors

Orfelinda Avalo Cortez National University of Engineering https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6619-7227
Miguel Jaime Martínez Coronel National University of Engineering https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7038-9005
David Pedro Martínez Aguilar National University of Engineering https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6942-8273
Edwilde Yoplac Castromonte National University of Engineering https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0288-0008
Julio Uza Teruya National University of Engineering https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0751-1570

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2025-1900

Keywords:

Manganese Dioxide, Anglesite, litharge, thermal decomposition, leaching, ammonium acetate, lead oxide

Abstract

Introduction: Anodic MnO₂ residue is generated in the electrolysis process to produce cathode zinc sheets. This residue, which contains 12% Pb compounds, is formed during periodic cleaning of the anodes and cells, preventing interference with zinc production. Methodology: The MnO₂ sample was analysed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine the compounds present and the crystallite sizes. Thermal decomposition was carried out in a muffle furnace to increase the crystallinity of the MnO₂, facilitating the removal of lead. Subsequently, leaching tests were carried out with ammonium acetate. Results: XRD analysis indicated the presence of alpha Manganese Dioxide (α-MnO₂), Anglesite (PbSO₄) and Litharge (PbO). The crystallite size of α-MnO₂ increased from 14.82 nm to 256.9 nm after thermal decomposition. Leaching with ammonium acetate allowed the lead to be reduced by 61%. Discussion and Conclusions: FESEM characterisation showed changes in morphology and particle sizes after thermal decomposition. The leaching effectively removed lead, generating PbO as a by-product and complying with environmental regulations.

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Author Biographies

Orfelinda Avalo Cortez, National University of Engineering

Research Professor at the National University of Engineering, Faculty of Geological, Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, in the Professional School of Metallurgical Engineering. 07 years of experience as Head of Laboratory and Leader of the Research Group ‘Nanomaterials and Metallurgy’ registered in the DANI from 2016 to date and responsible for the implementation of this research laboratory. Academic background as Bachelor and Professional Degree in Metallurgical Engineering at the National University of Engineering. Doctor and Master Degrees in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, obtained at the Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, PUC-Rio, Brazil.

Miguel Jaime Martínez Coronel, National University of Engineering

Metallurgical Engineer and has a postgraduate degree in Metallurgical Sciences registered in SUNEDU and specialisations in Commercial Management, Project Management, Financial Management, as well as studies in Integrated Management and Quality Systems. He has more than 12 years of experience in mining operations and improvement projects in large-scale mining.

David Pedro Martínez Aguilar, National University of Engineering

Investigador en Ingeniería Metalúrgica en la Facultad de Ingeniería Geológica, Minera y Metalúrgica de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, en el Área de metalurgia extractiva y nanomateriales. Maestro en Ciencias con mención en Ingeniería Metalúrgica en la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Docente de Pregrado en los cursos de Cerámica, Procesamiento de minerales y materiales. Docente de Posgrado en la Maestría de Ingeniería Metalúrgica en el dictado de cursos de Biometalurgia.

Edwilde Yoplac Castromonte, National University of Engineering

University lecturer in the area of Extractive and Environmental Metallurgy. Researcher in the area of Extractive and Environmental Metallurgy. Professionally he worked as a metallurgist, becoming Manager of the Research Department in the Area of Extractive Metallurgy in the Mining Bank of Peru and as head of the Metallurgical Research Department of SGS of Peru; currently he works as a consultant in the area of Extractive Metallurgy in various mining companies and PhD student in Engineering and Environmental Sciences at the National Agrarian University La Molina. Master of Science with mention in Metallurgical Engineering at the University of Concepción, Chile. Metallurgical Engineer graduated from the National University of Engineering.

Julio Uza Teruya, National University of Engineering

Master of Science in Metallurgical Engineering from the National University of Engineering. Metallurgical engineer, he worked in projects of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and environmental adequacy and management programme (MAPAS) for the mines of Centromin, Cerro de Pasco, Mhar Tunel and Minsur; and in the environmental supervision of the mining companies Minsur and Andaychahua. He currently teaches specialisation courses on the environment at the Pontificia Universidad Católica and is a senior lecturer and Director of Research at the Metallurgical School of the Faculty of Geological, Mining and Metallurgical Engineering of the National University of Engineering of Peru.

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