Evaluación y Validación de una Escala para medir Competencias Digitales en Estudiantes de Secundaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2026-2030Palabras clave:
TIC, búsqueda y selección de datos, habilidades técnicas, gestión de información, educación secundaria, AFE, AFC, comunicación digitalResumen
Introducción: Este estudio valida una escala para medir competencias digitales en TIC, identificando sus dimensiones subyacentes mediante Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE) y Confirmatorio (AFC). Metodología: Se aplicó la escala en un centro educativo de nivel secundario, con una muestra de 330 estudiantes seleccionados aleatoriamente y por conveniencia. El instrumento, basado en estudios previos, consta de 25 ítems en escala Likert de 5 puntos. Su validez de contenido fue revisada y validada por dos expertos. Resultados: Tras ajustes en la redacción y eliminación de cinco ítems, el AFE identificó cuatro factores: búsqueda y selección de información (SEARCH), habilidades técnicas (TECH), comunicación digital (COM) y almacenamiento y gestión de información (STOR). El AFC confirmó la adecuación del modelo con índices de ajuste aceptables y cargas factoriales significativas. Discusión: La estructura factorial de cuatro factores mostró un ajuste excelente y alta fiabilidad (ω = 0.904, α = 0.873); sin embargo, el factor STOR requiere revisión por su baja validez convergente. Comparado con estudios previos, presenta similitudes en algunos factores, pero organiza las competencias digitales de manera distinta. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos respaldan la validez de la escala como un instrumento sólido para evaluar competencias digitales en TIC en educación secundaria.
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