Study on the perception of emotional intelligence and sexism in high school students in the province of Teruel, Spain

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2024-1083

Keywords:

emotional intelligence, emotional stereotype, hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, ambivalent sexism, emotional component, gender bias, scientific evidence

Abstract

Introduction: In this study we are going to show the differences in the emotional worlds in which boys and girls develop. Methodology: The PTMMS-24 and ASI questionnaires were applied to a sample of 297 individuals of both sexes aged between 11 and 53 years. Results: They indicate that the researcher's hypothesis that hostile sexism significantly predominates over benevolent sexism between men and women is rejected. The hypothesis that women are perceived as significantly better in emotional clarity has been confirmed. Discussion: Although the topic of emotional intelligence and sexism have been widely studied independently, much remains to be investigated, their relationship, as variables of human behavior. There is an indeterminate field of exploration that invites further research that consolidates the emotional component of sexism on a scientific basis.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Laura Gracia Sánchez, University of Zaragoza

Hired interim in the Area of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences (FCSH) of the University of Zaragoza since 2020. Teacher in various degrees, including Degree, Master's Degree in Compulsory Secondary Education, Baccalaureate, Vocational Training and Language, Artistic and Sports Education. Specialties: Drawing, image and plastic arts, education in the knowledge society, curriculum and inclusive early childhood education, and information and communication technologies for learning.

Alberto Nolasco Hernández, University of Zaragoza

Hired Doctor in the Area of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences (FCSH) of the University of Zaragoza since 2020. Lecturer in various degrees, including Degree, Master's Degree in Compulsory Secondary Education, Baccalaureate, Vocational Training and Language, Artistic and Sports Education. Specialties: Drawing, image and plastic arts, education in the knowledge society, curriculum and inclusive early childhood education, and information and communication technologies for learning. Participation in: Own master's degree in education and rural development of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences of Teruel. PDI member of the Quality Assurance Committee of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences since 03/10/2019.

Virginia Domingo Cebrián, University of Zaragoza

Hired Doctor in the Area of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences (FCSH) of the University of Zaragoza since 2020. Lecturer in various degrees, including Degree, Master's Degree in Compulsory Secondary Education, Baccalaureate, Vocational Training and Language, Artistic and Sports Education. Specialties: Drawing, image and plastic arts, education in the knowledge society, curriculum and inclusive early childhood education, and information and communication technologies for learning. Participation in: Own master's degree in education and rural development of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences of Teruel. PDI member of the Quality Assurance Committee of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences since 03/10/2019.

References

Aquino, A. E. (2003). Diferencias de género y edad en la inteligencia emocional de un grupo de Internautas. Unpublished Thesis. Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega. Facultad de Psicología y Ciencias Sociales. Lima-Peru.

Ayres, M. M., Friedman, C. K., y Leaper C (2009). Individual and Situational Factors Related to Young Women’s Likelihood of Confronting Sexism in Their Everyday Lives. Sex Roles 61, 7-8, 449-460. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-009-9635-3

Brackett, M., y Mayer, J (2003). Convergent, Discriminant, and Incremental Validity of Competing Measures of Emotional Intelligence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 29(9). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167203254596

Brackett, M., Warner, R., y Bosco. J. (2005) Emotional intelligence and relationship quality among couples." Personal Relationships, 12(2), 197-212. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1350-4126.2005.00111.x

Brackett, M., Rivers, S., Shiffman, S., Lerner, N., Salovey. P. (2006). Relating emotional abilities to social functioning: A comparison of self-report and performance measures of emotional intelligence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(4), 780-795. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.91.4.780

Bar- On, R. (2006). The Bar-On model of emotional- social intelligence (ESI). Psicothema 18 Suppl(Suplemento), 13-25

Bar-On, R. (2010). Emotional intelligence: an integral part of positive psychology. South African journal of psychology = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir sielkunde 40(1):54-62. https://bit.ly/2mNvvTr. 10.1177/008124631004000106 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/008124631004000106

Baron-Cohen, S. (2003). The essential difference: men, women and the extreme male brain. Allen Lane.

Cárdenas, M., Siu-Lin, L., González, C., Calderón, C. y Alegría, I. (2010). Inventario de sexismo ambivalente: adaptación, validación y relación con variables psicosociales. Salud Sociedad, 1(2), 123–135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22199/S07187475.2010.0002.00006

Cadenas, C. y Collado, D. (2013). Educación de las emociones ¿un reto?. E- motion: Revista de Educación, Motricidad e Investigación, 1, 196–2011. https://bit.ly/2nBlJ72 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33776/remo.v0i1.2259

Carretero, B. R. (2015). Inteligencia emocional y sexismo : Estudio del componente emocional del sexismo [OX Reader versión]. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com

Carretero Bermejo, R. y Nolasco, A. (2017a). Aproximación al concepto de emocionalidad. El estereotipo emocional del sexismo. Revista de estudios e investigación en psicología y educación, 4, 34–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17979/reipe.2017.4.1.1545

Carretero Bermejo, R., y Nolasco, A. (2017b). Sexismo y formación inicial del profesorado. EDUCAR, 1–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/educar.903

Cross, E. y Overall, M. (2018). Women experience more serious relationship problems when male partners endorse hostile sexism. European Journal of Social Psychology, 49, 1022–1041. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2560 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2560

Deaux, K. (1984). From individual differences to social categories: Analysis of a decade's research on gender. American Psychologist, 39(2), 105-116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.39.2.105 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066X.39.2.105

Díaz-Aguado, M. J., Martínez, R., y Martín, J (2010). Estudio sobre la Convivencia Escolar en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Madrid: Ministerio de Educación. https://bit.ly/1mHVNwu

Extremera Pacheco, N., y Fernández-Berrocal, P; (2004a). El papel de la inteligencia emocional en el alumnado: evidencias empíricas. Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa, 6(2).

Expósito, F., Moya, M., y Glick, P (1998). Sexismo ambivalente: Medición y correlatos. Revista de Psicología Social, 13(2), 159–169. www.uv.es/~friasnav/LecturaCompl1.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.1174/021347498760350641

Fernández-Berrocal, P., Extremera, N. y Ramos, N. (2004): Validity and reliability of the Spanish modified version of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Psychological Reports, 94, 751-755.

Fernández-Berrocal, P. y Extremera, N. (2006a). Special issue on emotional intelligence: Anoverview. Psicothema, 18, suplemento, 1-6.

Fernández-Berrocal, P. y Extremera, N. (2006b). Emotional intelligence: A theoretical and empirical overview of its first 15 years of history. Psicothema, 18, 7-12.

Fernández-Berrocal, P., Extremera, N. y Ramos, N. (2004). Validity and reliability of the Spanish modified version of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Psychological Reports, 94(3), 751-755. http://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.3.751-755 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.3.751-755

Fernández, J. (.2004) Evolutionary perspective: identities and behaviours according to the gender development. En E. Barbera y I. Martínez (Eds.) Psychology and Gender (pp.35-53). Pearson Education

Ferragut, M., y Fierro, A. (2012). Inteligencia Emocional, bienestar personal y rendimiento académico en preadolescentes [Versión Electrónica]. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 44(3), 95-104.

Fragoso-Luzuriaga, R. (2015). Inteligencia emocional y competencias emocionales en educación superior ¿un mismo concepto?. Revista Iberoamericana De Educación Superior, 6(16). https://doi.org/10.22201/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.22201/iisue.20072872e.2015.16.154

García-Fernández, M. y Giménez-Mas, S.I. (2010). La inteligencia emocional y sus principales modelos: propuesta de un modelo integrador. Espiral. Cuadernos del Profesorado [en línea], 3(6) 43-52. http://www.cepcuevasolula.es/espiral. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25115/ecp.v3i6.909

Garaigordobil, M., y Oñederra. (2010). Inteligencia emocional en las víctimas de acosos escolar y en los agresores. European Journal of Educational and Psychology, 3(2), 243-256. https://doi.10.1989/ejep.v3i2.63 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30552/ejep.v3i2.55

Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional Intelligence. Bantam Books. (Trad. Cast. Kairós, 1996).

Goleman, D. (1998). La inteligencia emocional en el trabajo. Kairós.

Goleman, D. (2000). La salud emocional: conversaciones con el Dalai Lama sobre la salud, las emociones y la mente. Editorial Kairós.

Goleman, D. (2018). Inteligencia emocional. Editorial Kairós.

González, A. (2010). La evaluación de la inteligencia emocional: ¿autoinformes o pruebas de habilidad? Fórum de Recerca, 16, 699-711.

Glick, P., Fiske, S. T. (1996). The ambivalent sexism inventory: Differentiating and Hostile Benevolent sexism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 491–512. https://bit.ly/2nBTmpl DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.70.3.491

Glick, P. y Fiske, S. T. (1997). Hostil and Benevolent sexism. Measuring ambivalent sexist attitudes. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(119-135). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00104.x

Glick, P., Fiske, S. T., Mladinic, A., Saiz, J. L., Abrams, D., Masser, B. y Annetje, B. (2000). Beyond prejudice as simple antipathy: hostile and benevolent sexism across cultures. Journal of personality and social psychology, 79(5), 763. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.79.5.763

Glick, P. y Hilt, L. (2000). From combative children to ambivalent adults: The development of gender prejudice. In T. Eckes y M. Trautner (Eds.), Developmental social psychology of gender (pp. 243─272). Erlbaum.

Glick, P. y Fiske, S. T. (2001). Ambivalent sexism. In Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 33, pp. 115-188). Academic Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(01)80005-8

Henar, S. C. P. D., García, G. M. y Gómez, D. (Eds.). (2016). Bienestar emocional. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com

Kappas, A. (2011). Emotion and Regulation are One! Emotion Review, 3,1, 17-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073910380971

Katz, I. R. y Hass, G. (1988). Racial ambivalence and American value conflict: Correlational and priming studies of dual cognitive structures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 55(6), 893-905. 10.1037//0022-3514.55.6.893 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.55.6.893

Lameiras Fernández, M., Rodríguez Castro, Y., Carrera Fernández, M. V., y Calado Otero, M. Del sexismo hostil al sexismo benevolente: la nueva cara del sexismo en las sociedades occidentales. Estudios de Antropología Biológica, 14(1).

Mayer, J.D. y Salovey, P. (1997). What is Emotional Intelligence? En P. Salovey y D.J. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence educational implications (pp. 3-31). Basics Books.

Mestre, J., Comunian, A. , y Comunian, M. (2007). Inteligencia Emocional: Una revisión a sus primeros 15 años y un acercamiento conceptual desde los procesos psicológicos. En J. M. Mestre y P. Fernández-Berrocal (coords.), Manual de Inteligencia Emocional, 45-66. Pirámide.

Mestre, J.M., Guil, R., Brackett, M.. y Salovey, P. (2008) Inteligencia emocional: definición, evaluación y aplicaciones desde el modelo de habilidades de Mayer y Salovey. En F. Palmero Martinez, F. (Coords). Motivación y Emoción. McGraw-Hill.

Mestre, J.M. y Guil, R. (2012). La regulación de las emociones Una vía a la adaptación personal y social. Pirámide. Colección Psicología.

Otero Martínez, C., Martín López, E., León del Barco B. y Castro F. (2009). Inteligencia emocional y rendimiento académico en estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria. Diferencias de género. Revista de estudios e investigación en psicología y educación, 17, 275-286.

Ramos Díaz, N., Enríquez Anchondo, H y Recondo Pérez, O. (2012). Inteligencia emocional plena: Mindfulness y la gestión eficaz de las emociones. Editorial Kairós S. A.

Sánchez Núñez, M. T., Fernández-Berrocal, P., Montañés Rodríguez, J., y Latorre Postigo, J. M. (2008). ¿Es la inteligencia emocional una cuestión de género? Socialización de las competencias emocionales en hombres y mujeres y sus implicaciones. Revista Electrónica de Investigación Psicoeducativa, 6(2), 455–474. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25115/ejrep.v6i15.1287

Salovey, P., y Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional Intelligence. Imagination. Cognition, and Personality. 9,185-211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG

Salovey, P., Mayer, J.D., Goldman, S.L., Turvey, C. y Palfai, T.P. (1995). Emotional attention, clarity and repair: exploring emotional intelligence using the trait meta-mood scale. En J. Pennebaker (ed.): Emotion, disclousure and health. American Psychological Association. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/10182-006

Salovey, P. y Mayer, J. D. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? En P. Salovey y D. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional Development and Emotional Intelligence: Implications for Educators (3-31). Basic Books.

Suárez, Y., y Wilches, C. (2015). Habilidades emocionales en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios: las diferencias de género. Educación y Humanismo, 17(28), 119-132. https://doi.org/10.17081/eduhum.17.28.1170 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17081/eduhum.17.28.1170

Trujillo, M., y Rivas, Luis. (2005). Orígenes, evolución y modelos de inteligencia emocional. Innovar, 15(25), 9-24. https://bit.ly/2MuPL7U

Vaamonde, J. D. (2010). Valores y sexismo en adolescentes argentinos. Revista Salud y Sociedad, 1, 113-124. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/4016891.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.22199/S07187475.2010.0002.00005

Published

2024-11-12

How to Cite

Gracia Sánchez, L., Nolasco Hernández, A., & Domingo Cebrián, V. (2024). Study on the perception of emotional intelligence and sexism in high school students in the province of Teruel, Spain. European Public & Social Innovation Review, 9, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2024-1083

Issue

Section

INNOVATING IN CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY APPLICATIONS