Impact of early use of digital devices on comprehensive child development: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2026-2038Keywords:
child development, digital devices, digital risks, early use of technology, educational sciences, early exposure, cognitive repercussions, screensAbstract
Introduction: Children are increasingly exposed to digital technology, they do so from a very early age, usually using the devices within their reach at home, provided by their own parents or relatives, which raises concerns about its impact on comprehensive child development. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA method with searches in Scopus, Mendeley and Google Scholar using relevant keywords. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure a relevant selection. Results: Early use of digital devices is related to attention problems, delays in language development, difficulties in social interactions, alterations in sleep patterns and limitations in the development of motor skills. Discussion: The review of 27 studies shows that early exposure to digital devices negatively affects children's health, cognition, socioemotional and physical development. At early ages (0-6 years), the risks significantly outweigh the benefits, being necessary to establish limits and promote non-digital alternatives. Conclusions: Technology should not replace essential activities for child development. It is urgent to make parents aware of these risks and promote the reduction of screen time, prioritizing non-digital experiences during the first years of life.
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