Climate change and migration dynamics in the Horn of Africa: a comprehensive review and future research directions

Gema Gómez Álvaro; Raquel Caro Carretero

doi:10.31637/epsir-2024-412

Autores/as

Gema Gómez Álvaro Comillas Pontifical University
Raquel Caro Carretero Comillas Pontifical University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2233-7635

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2024-412

Palabras clave:

Migración, Cambio climático, Cuerno de África, Conflictos, Inseguridad alimentaria, Desplazamientos, Revisión sistemática de la literatura, Desafíos de investigación

Resumen

Introducción: En este estudio, se analizan referencias relevantes para establecer qué factores determinan los movimientos migratorios en el Cuerno de África y qué papel juega el cambio climático. Metodología: Con una revisión sistemática de la literatura en cinco fases se seleccionan, siguiendo unos criterios de inclusión y exclusión, 221 referencias relevantes. Con ellas se analizan movimientos migratorios y qué factores influyen en ellos. Resultados: Destaca un aumento de las publicaciones desde el año 2011, coincidiendo con una devastadora sequía en la región. Los hallazgos indican que, aunque el cambio climático es un factor importante, otros elementos como la pobreza, la inseguridad y los conflictos tienen un papel aún más significativo en la migración de la región. Discusión: se identifican desafíos como la falta de datos fiables y la necesidad de un enfoque multidisciplinario para abordar estos problemas complejos. La región enfrenta una situación crítica con altos niveles de inseguridad alimentaria, conflictos y vulnerabilidad climática, lo que sugiere que el cambio climático es un factor añadido a una situación ya complicada. Conclusiones: El estudio concluye que es crucial integrar el cambio climático, la migración y los conflictos en investigaciones futuras para desarrollar respuestas efectivas y sostenibles.

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Biografía del autor/a

Gema Gómez Álvaro, Comillas Pontifical University

Graduated in International Relations, Political Science, and Public Management, with a Master's degree in Advanced Studies on Islam in Contemporary European Society. She has collaborated as a research assistant in the Learn Africa and Stop Fistula programs of the Women for Africa Foundation. She is currently part of the Doctoral program in International Migrations and Development Cooperation at the University Institute for Migration Studies at Comillas Pontifical University in Madrid.

Raquel Caro Carretero, Comillas Pontifical University

Dr. Raquel Caro-Carretero, as an Associate Professor in the Department of Industrial Organization at the ICAI School of Engineering of the Pontifical Comillas University of Madrid, has extensive teaching experience as a researcher. Her work covers various areas, from the application of statistics in engineering and economic-financial fields to the analysis of migrations, tourism, disasters, and Space Sciences. She is responsible for the AON Spain Foundation Chair of Catastrophes at Comillas. She has shared her knowledge in the Faculty of Economic and Business Sciences at Comillas (ICADE). Her commitment to academic excellence and dedication to research are reflected in her active participation in international conferences, interdisciplinary collaborations, and publications in high-impact journals.

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