Decisiones financieras en perspectiva temporal: análisis de tres grupos de estudiantes universitarios ecuatorianos
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2026-2002Mots-clés :
Economía conductual, toma de decisiones, sesgos cognitivos, preferencias temporales, experimento conductual, racionalidad limitada, sesgo del presente, invarianciaRésumé
Introducción: Las preferencias temporales influyen en las decisiones que toman los sujetos de manera cotidiana. Contrario al criterio de racionalidad ilimitada, existe evidencia que señala la capacidad limitada de procesamiento de información, la influencia de las emociones y el entorno en la toma de decisiones y la importancia de la gratificación inmediata. Metodología: La investigación realizada se ajusta al enfoque cuantitativo, tipo descriptiva y plantea un diseño no experimental, debido a que la muestra no cumple con el criterio de aleatoriedad. La muestra la componen 251 estudiantes de las carreras de Administración de Empresas, Psicología y Economía de la Universidad Laica VICENTE ROCAFUERTE de Guayaquil. Se utilizaron las técnicas Lista Múltiple de Precios y Presupuesto de Tiempo Convexo. Resultados: Los hallazgos señalan la existencia de decisiones irracionales al preferir esperar tiempo sin obtener ningún beneficio a cambio; así como, se encontró cambios en las preferencias intertemporales en los tres grupos muestrales. Discusión: Se sustentan las evidencias en criterios de autores que enfatizan en el carácter limitado de la racionalidad humana y el incumplimiento de la estabilidad de las preferencias en el tiempo. Conclusiones: No se halló diferencias entre los grupos estudiados en cuanto a las decisiones financieras temporales.
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