Cadenas de Suministro Globales y la Dinámica económica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2026-2682Palabras clave:
Inflación, Cadenas de suministro globales, Datos de panel, América Latina, Choques logísticosResumen
Introducción: Los choques logísticos globales derivados de disrupciones en las cadenas de suministro han intensificado las presiones inflacionarias en América Latina, especialmente en economías altamente dependientes del comercio exterior. Metodología: Se adoptó un enfoque mixto, combinando revisión documental y análisis cuantitativo con datos de panel para el período 2015–2023. Se estimó un modelo de efectos fijos país–año, utilizando como variable dependiente la inflación anual y como explicativas el índice de presión de cadenas globales (GSCPI), el índice mundial de contenedores (WCI), el tipo de cambio y el PIB per cápita. Se aplicaron pruebas de Hausman y errores robustos para garantizar consistencia. Discusión: Los hallazgos sugieren que la inflación reciente no responde únicamente a factores monetarios, sino también a restricciones logísticas globales. Se resalta la necesidad de fortalecer la resiliencia de las cadenas productivas y diversificar proveedores. Conclusión: Los cuellos de botella logísticos globales explican una fracción relevante de la inflación en América Latina entre 2015 y 2023.
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