The Sant Llorenç de Montgai reservoir (Catalonia, Spain): Evolution from a water resource to a recreational and cultural center

Abstract

Introduction: The article analyzes the socio-economic and cultural transformation of Sant Llorenç de Montgai (Catalonia, Spain) following the construction of its reservoir. Initially conceived to regulate the Segre River and generate hydroelectric power, the dam brought significant changes to the landscape, economy, and daily life of the village. Methodology: The study employed semi-structured interviews with 15 informants (residents and tourists) and participant observation over 10 fieldwork sessions, complemented by a literature review. The goal was to understand perceptions, behaviors, and the social, cultural, and economic impacts of the reservoir. Results: The reservoir initially caused displacement and required adaptation. Since the 1980s, rural and nature tourism have developed, diversifying the local economy. The site became a meeting point and identity symbol, also promoted through social media. Discussions: The research highlights how a technical hydraulic project evolved into a cultural and tourist reference. The local community has shown resilience, redefining its identity through a strong connection to the natural environment and to visitors. Conclusions: The reservoir has been a multifaceted driver of change—economic, social, ecological, and symbolic. Today, it stands as a community emblem, strengthening the sense of belonging and attracting visitors from around the world.