Uso de la IA para educar el inconsciente autorregulador: modelo PAR-IA para la educación universitaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2027-2980Palavras-chave:
autorregulación del aprendizaje, educación universitaria, inteligencia artificial explicable (IAX), analítica del aprendizaje, metacognición, neuroeducación positiva, andamiaje digital, modelo PAR-IAResumo
Introducción: La inteligencia artificial (IA) puede contribuir al desarrollo del inconsciente autorregulador del alumnado universitario mediante andamiajes digitales que consolidan hábitos de atención, planificación y reflexión metalingüística. Este trabajo presenta el modelo PAR-IA, una propuesta para la educación superior estructurada en tres fases: Planificar (definición de metas académicas concretas), Actuar (uso de apoyos tecnológicos basados en IA, como recordatorios, paneles de progreso o asistentes generativos) y Reflexionar (microespacios de reflexión individual y grupal sobre el propio aprendizaje). Metodología: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistematizada de la literatura reciente sobre IA, aprendizaje autorregulado (self-regulated learning, SRL) y educación superior, a partir de la cual se elaboró un marco neuroeducativo y una guía de implementación adaptable a diversas modalidades docentes. Resultados: La evidencia sugiere que el modelo PAR-IA puede mejorar la claridad de las metas académicas, aumentar el tiempo en tarea y favorecer reflexiones más estructuradas; la ritualización de las rutinas contribuye a la consolidación de automatismos atencionales y organizativos sin incrementar la dependencia tecnológica. Discusión y conclusiones: Una IA comprensible, explicable y mediada por el profesorado puede reforzar la autonomía y la resiliencia del alumnado. El PAR-IA ofrece una vía escalable para integrar IA ligera en la práctica docente y alinear la innovación tecnológica con el bienestar y los objetivos formativos de la educación superior.
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